name | Amanita cinereopannosa |
name status | nomen acceptum |
author | Bas |
english name | "Gray Rags Lepidella" |
images |
1. Amanita cinereopannosa, West Virginia, U.S.A. 2. Amanita cinereopannosa, North Carolina, U.S.A. 3. Amanita cinereopannosa, Tennessee, U.S.A. 4. A. cinereopannosa, North Carolina, U.S.A. 5. Amanita cinereopannosa, warts on cap of young specimen, Vermont, U.S.A. 6. Amanita cinereopannosa, young specimen, note rectangular scales on bulb, Vermont, U.S.A. |
cap |
Amanita cinereopannosa has a white or whitish pileus (sometimes with a silvery sheen), is 70 - 150 mm wide with an appendiculate margin (not always so dramatic as in the accompanying photo), is not striate at the margin, and is decorated over the center part by brownish gray subpyramidal warts that, under a hand lens, appear to be like mudpies with the fingerprints of children on them (photo, below left). The remnants are more flat and patch-like closer to the margin. |
gills |
The gills are free, crowded, more cream-colored (in side view) than the pileus. The short gills are subtruncate to attenuate. |
stem |
The stem is 100 - 160 × 15 - 20 mm, has an apical, white, easily broken annulus that is striate on the upper surface and sticks to fingers easily. At the stipe base is a radicating bulb up to 65 × 35 mm. At the top of the bulb, there are sometimes several rows of rectangular scales (see photo, lower right). The bulb may have volval warts distributed over it that are similar to the warts on the pileus; or volval warts may be absent from the bulb. |
odor/taste |
When fresh, the odor is of fresh dough; sometimes the odor becomes more like "chlorine" in age. |
spores |
The spores measure (8.0-) 8.8 - 12.0 (-14.1) × (4.9-) 5.2 - 7.0 (-8.3) µm and are ellipsoid to elongate (very infrequently cylindric) and amyloid. Clamps are not present at the bases of basidia. |
discussion |
Amanita cinereopannosa has a range extending through the eastern U.S. from New England down through the Appalachian Mountains at least as far as the Carolinas. It occurs in mixed forests including oak (Quercus) in the northeastern U.S.A.
Bas placed the present species in his stirps Strobiliformis (see A. strobiliformis (Paul. ex Vitt.) Bertillon in Dechambre. As far as field identification goes, the reader should review and compare A. cinereoconia G. F. Atk., A. onusta (Howe) Sacc., and A. tephrea Bas nom. prov.—R. E. Tulloss |
brief editors | RET |
name | Amanita cinereopannosa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
author | Bas. 1969. Persoonia 5: 522, figs. 306-310. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
name status | nomen acceptum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
english name | "Gray Rags Lepidella" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MycoBank nos. | 308545 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GenBank nos. |
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holotypes | MICH | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
intro |
The following text may make multiple use of each data field. The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon. Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original material. The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog). Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of this text is appropriate. Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain. The following material is based on original research by R. E. Tulloss. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pileus | 76 - 148 mm wide, whitish or white with sordid-silvery sheen, hemispheric at first, then convex; context white (whiter than lamellae), up to 10 mm thick over stipe; margin nonstriate, slightly incurved at first, appendiculate with submembranous patches of white partial veil; universal veil in lumpy (as if bearing tiny fingerprints) subpyramidal warts (up to 4 mm high) over disc and elongate irregular patches (up to 13 mm long) away from disc and margin, gray to brownish gray, darker (occasionally brown or reddish brown) in age, with admixture of white fibrillose material near margin, detersile, with warts leaving thin fibrillose patch (10× lens) when removed. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lamellae | free, crowded, creamier than pileus context in side view, becoming whiter as spores mature, yellowing (e.g., pale primrose yellow) on drying, ?? mm broad, with edges white and minutely flocculose (lens); lamellulae subtruncate to attenuate. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
stipe | 102 - 170 × 18 - 20 mm, white above, grayish to gray below, with gray region sometimes breaking into concentric bands, floccose in annular region, silky fibrillose below; bulb proportionately large (up to 64 × 35 mm), radicating, at times decorated with large rather broad (5 - 13 mm) rectangular scales in three rows; context solid, snow white, unchanging when cut or bruised; partial veil apical, submembranous, white, easily broken, sticks easily to fingers, striate on upper surface; universal veil in warts like those on pileus distributed over bulb surface or not notable other than grayish material on stipe below partial veil. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
odor/taste | Odor of biscuits or fresh biscuit dough, sometimes becoming unpleasant (“chlorine”) with age. Taste not recorded. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
macrochemical tests |
none recorded. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pileipellis | from protolog: filamentous hyphae 2 - 8 μm wide, interwoven, sometimes with pale brownish contents, distinctly gelatinized near surface; vascular hyphae scattered. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lamella trama | from protolog: bilateral; "probaby with terminal inflated cells." | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
subhymenium | from protolog: cellular to irregularly cellular. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
basidia | from protolog: 35 - 50 × 9 - 12 μm; clamps lacking. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
universal veil | from protolog: On pileus: elements irregularly disposed, filamentous hyphae 3 - 10 μm wide, rather abundant to abundant, sometimes with inflated ramifications; inflated cells pale yellowish-brownish to brown, ellipsoid to globose, sometimes pyriform or clavate or elongate, up to 80 × 60 μm, terminal singly or in short chains; vascular hyphae scattered. On stipe base: elements irregularly disposed; filamentous hyphae 2 - 10 μm wide, very abundant, often irregular, repeatedly branching; inflated cells pale grayish-brownish to nearly colorless, globose or ellipsoid or clavate or elongate cells up to 100 × 80 μm, terminal singly or in short chains. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
stipe context | from protolog: longitudinally acrophysalidic. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lamella edge tissue | from protolog: consisting mainly of elongate-ellipsoid to clavate, but also pyriform, ellipsoid, and subglobose cells, 25 - 75 × 20 - 40 μm. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
basidiospores |
from protolog: [80/7/7] 9.0 - 12.5 (-14.0) × 5.5 - 6.5 (-7.0) μm, (Q = 1.50 - 2.0 (-2.20); Q = 1.65 - 1.90), colorless, hyaline, thin-walled, amyloid, dominantly elongate, sometimes ellipsoid or cylindric, sometimes subreniform; apiculus not described; contents subgranular to subopaque, refractive; "almost pure white" in deposit. composite of all data from material revised by RET: [170/7/7] (8.0-) 8.8 - 12.0 (-14.1) × (4.9-) 5.0 - 6.7 (-8.3) µm, (L = 9.5 - 10.9 µm; L’ = 10.1 µm; W = 5.4 - 6.1 µm; W’ = 5.9 µm; Q = (1.30-) 1.50 - 2.0 (-2.40); Q = 1.63 - 1.82; Q’ = 1.73), hyaline, colorless, smooth, thin-walled, amyloid, ellipsoid to elongate to cylindric, occasionally sublangeniform, occasionally swollen at one end, often slightly constricted; apiculus sublateral, cylindric; contents single "oil drop" with additional small granules; white in deposit. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ecology |
from protolog: [Maryland:] "...type collected in pine-forest." Solitary or in pairs. Maine: At 21 m elev. New Jersey: At 214 m elev. In mixed broad leaf forest including Quercus spp. North Carolina: At 725 m elev. Pennsylvania: At 360 m elev. Rhode Island: In mixed forest with Abies, Acer, Fagus, Pinus, and Quercus after 3 weeks without rain in humid weather with temperatures 30° - 35° C. Vermont: At 630 m elev. In area of new growth with Acer, Populus grandidentata, and Quercus. Virginia: At 900 - 1000 m elev. In small clearing among conifers or in mixed woods. West Virginia: At 825 m elev. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
material examined |
from protolog: U.S.A.:
MARYLAND—Montgomery Co. - Takoma Park, Sligo Crk. opposite Sanitarium, 24.viii.1919 C. C. Thomas s.n. (holotype, MICH as A. cinereovolvata Kauffman ined.).
MASSACHUSETTS—Franklin Co. - Mt. Toby, 25.viii.1963 C. Bas 3798B (paratype, L).
NORTH CAROLINA—Macon Co. - Highlands, 29.vii.1931 W. C. Coker 8989 (paratype, NCU), 4.viii.1938 W. C. Coker 10858 (paratype, NCU), 10.vii.1941 W. C. Coker 12365 (paratype, NCU). Watauga Co. - Blowing Rock, viii-ix.1899 G. F. Atkinson 3731C (paratype, CUP).
TENNESSEE—Blount Co. - GSMNP, Cades Cove, 1.vii.1955 L. R. Hesler & Campbell 21822 (paratype, TENN; paratype, L). U.S.A.: CONNECTICUT—Middlesex or Tolland Co. - Salmon R. St. For., viii.2005 COMA foray participant s.n. (RET 389-3). MAINE—Cumberland Co. - Yarmouth, Pratt's Brook Park [43°49'54" N/ 70°10'37" W, 21 m], | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
discussion |
t.b.d. [Note: "Amanita cinereovolvata Kauffman ined." (Bas. 1969: 523) is a herbarium name on the label of a paratype (MICH) of this species.] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
citations | —R. E. Tulloss and C. Rodríguez Caycedo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
editors | RET | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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name | Amanita cinereopannosa |
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name | Amanita cinereopannosa |
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Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.