2. Amanita whetstoneae, Nantahalla National Forest, North Carolina, U.S.A.
3. Amanita whetstoneae, Forest 44 Conservation Area, St. Louis Co., Missouri, U.S.A. (RET 500-4).
intro
The following is based on original research of RET.
cap
The cap tends to become tannish with age and is the only known taxon among North American species of section Amidella to do so.
stem
The stem is long and sometimes sinuous and lacks an annulus. The volval sack is notably elongated and tubular,
spores
The spores measure (7.0-) 8.8 - 12.0 (-14.1) × (4.2-) 4.8 - 6.5 (-8.2) µm and are ellipsoid to elongate to cylindric (rarely broadly ellipsoid) and amyloid. Clamps are not to be found at the bases of basidia.
discussion
Brick-red staining of the volva or other parts of
the fruiting body with injury, exposure, or age is
not prominent in this species. The only
other taxon in section Amidella in
North America with such
a weak oxidation reaction is Amanita peckiana
Kauffman. This latter species has spores that
are dominantly cylindric and, early in the mushroom's
expansion, it has a delicate, but distinct,
ring. A ring is always absent in A.
whetstoneae.
The present species is uncommon, but locally
plentiful. This is the tallest species in
section Amidella in N. America (although
all "large" taxa can have occasional, smaller
fruiting bodies).—R. E. Tulloss
brief editors
RET
name
Amanita
whetstoneae
author
Tulloss, Goldman and Kudzma nom. prov.
name status
nomen provisorum
english name
"Whetstone's Amidella"
etymology
Named in honor of Dr. Mary Snoddy Whetstone (1849-1929) who supplied Peck with the specimen to which he provisionally attached the epithet "whetstonei." Dr. Whetstone was the founder of the Minnesota Mycological Society (1898) and served as its president until 1911. She was a pioneering pediatrician organizing or leading many women’s professional associations as well as working for women’s right to vote and for the Women’s Christian Temperance Union. She played a significant role in the founding of the Minneapolis-St. Paul Children's Hospital.
GenBank nos.
Due to delays in data processing at GenBank, some accession numbers may lead to unreleased (pending) pages.
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11.vii.1990 R. E. Baird, S. Gordon, M. A. King & R. E. Tulloss 7-11-90-A (RET 025-8)
L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
intro
Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been
thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text
where data is missing or uncertain.
The following material is based on original research of R. E. Tulloss.
[1070/52/43] (7.0-) 8.8 - 12.0 (-14.1) × (4.2-) 4.8 - 6.5 (-8.2) µm, (L = (8.4-) 9.0 - 11.2 (-11.6) µm; L’ = 10.3 µm; W = (4.7-) 5.0 - 6.1 (-6.8) µm; W’ = 5.5 µm; Q = (1.28-) 1.54 - 2.19 (-2.69); Q = (1.61-) 1.66 - 2.04 (-2.13); Q’ = 1.87), colorless, hyaline, thin-walled or with very slightly thickened walls, smooth, amyloid, elongate to cylindrical, occasionally ellipsoid, occasionally slightly constricted, sometimes swollen at one end, often adaxially flattened; apiculus sublateral, truncate-conic, proportionately small; contents guttulate to granular; white in deposit.
ecology
Solitary to subgregarious. Illinois: In mixed deciduous woods.
Maryland: In mixed forest with Acer, Populus
tremuloides, Pinus (2-needled), Quercus prinus, Sassafras alba.
Massachusetts: Under Pinus.
Minnesota: In sandy
field.
Missouri: In Quercus-Carya forest with
Cornus, Asimina sp., Diosporos
sp., scattered Platanus occidentalis, and
infrequent Juniperus virginiana.
New Jersey: At 31 m elev. and higher. In
mixed deciduous woods including
Quercus.
New York: In mixed woods with Tsuga
canadensis.
North Carolina: In black loam under gravel in
drainage area under Acer rubrum, Q.
alba and Rhododendron sp. or in moist
dark sandy loam under Betula alleghaniensis,
Quercus sp., A. rubrum,
T. canadensis, and Rhododendron sp.
or in moist dark loam with Quercus, B.
allegahniensis, T. canadensis,
and Rhododendron
or in sandy creek bank under Liriodendron
tulipifera, Fagus grandifolia, and
A. rubrum or with mixed forest of Tsuga
canadensis, Quercus, Acer,
Pinus, and
Rhododendron.
Ohio: In Quercus-Carya forest or in
sandy soil in mixed woods.
Pennsylvania: In hardwood forest or in mixed
(Pinus/Quercus) woods.
Tennessee: At 558 - 1190 m elev. In mixed
forest including Quercus.
West Virginia: In loamy clay in forest of
Betula, Quercus, Rhododendron,
T. canadensis, and Pinus strobus.
This taxon seems to have a tolerance for rather wet
areas. The North Carolina collections from
Montreat and Standing Indian Campground were found
in the floodplains of rivers; the 1990 collection
from Highlands, North Carolina was found in the
gravel of a area designed to take the drainage from
the eaves of a building.
material examined
U.S.A.:
CONNECTICUT—Tolland Co. - Storrs,
viii.1905 E. A. White s.n. (NYS
as "Amanitopsis volvata (Pk.) Sacc." with
note in Peck’s hand “Amanitopsis whitei”
[nom. ined.—ed.]).
DISTRICT OF
COLUMBIA—without cos. - Rock Creek Regional
Park, 6.vi.2012 Ruthie Ristich s.n.
[mushroomobserver #96576]
(RET 512-6, immature & nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.).
FLORIDA—Alachua Co. - 13 km NW of
Gainesville, in woods near Devil’s Millhopper,
1.x.1967 Chet Michalski 140 (FLAS).
ILLINOIS—Jackson Co. - Giant City St.
Pk., 19.viii.1973 Mary T. Chiu B19 (SIU),
8.vii.1984 T. J. Began 185 (SIU), 13.vii.1986 T.
J. Began 384 (SIU).
INDIANA—Parke Co. - Rockville,
2.ix.1907 Geo. T. Howell s.n. (CUP 23475 as
“Amanitopsis volvata”).
MAINE—Cumberland Co. - Cumberland
Ctr., viii.1983 S. S. Ristich s.n. [Tulloss
8-83-SSR1] (RET 007-8), 5.ix.1986 S. S. Ristich
s.n. [Tulloss 9-5-86-SSR1] (RET 002-8).
Oxford Co. - ca. Bryant Pond, Twitchell Pond,
22.viii.1990 S. S. Ristich s.n. [Tulloss
8-22-90-SSR1] (RET 009-6). Waldo Co. -
Northport, 8.viii.1967 R. L. Homola 2339
(L).
MARYLAND—Baltimore Co. - Prettyboy
Reservoir watershed area, 28.vi.1992 Paul Noell
s.n. [Tulloss 6-28-92-PN1] (MEXU; RET
062-3).
MASSACHUSETTS—Middlesex Co. - Lynnfield,
26.viii.1943 R. Singer s.n. (FH, as “Amanita
volvata”).
MINNESOTA—Hennepin Co. - Minneapolis,
5.ix.1912 Mrs. Kirchner s.n. [M. S. Whetstone 20]
(NYS as “Amanita whetstonei Pk. -
TYPE”).
MISSISSIPPI—Hinds Co. - Rocky
Springs Tr., Natchez Trace Pkwy.
[32.0865° N/ 90.7089 W, 56 ], 12.iv.2020
Logan Weidenfeld s.n. (RET 913-6,
nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.), 20.v.2020 L. Weidenfeld s.n.
[mushroomobserver
#409958]
(RET 912-3, nrLSU seq'd.).
MISSOURI—Lincoln
Co. - Cuivre River St.
Pk. [38.03° N/ 90.93° W, 330 m], 28.vi.2014
Patrick Harvey s.n. [mushroomobserver
#168639]
(RET 642-7, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.).
St. Louis Co. - Conservation
Area 44 [38.5318° N/ 90.5173° W, 169 m], 28.vi.2012
P. Harvey s.n. [mushroomobserver #95700]
(RET 500-4), 29-30.vi.2012 P.
Harvey s.n. [mushroomobserver
#95700(b)]
(RET 500-9, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.).
NEW HAMPSHIRE—Carroll Co. - Albany,
White Mtn. Nat. For., ca. Swift R., 13.viii.1994
J. Hurley s.n. [Tulloss 8-13-94-JH1] (RET
129-4).
NEW JERSEY—Hunterdon Co. - Sourland
Preserve [40.4262° N/ 74.7776° W, 135 m],
26.vi.2015 Nina Burghardt s.n.
(RET 697-1, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.).
Mercer Co. - Trenton,
vii.1907 E. B. Sterling s.n. (NYS as
“Amanitopsis volvata (Pk.) Sacc.”).
Monmouth Co. - Roosevelt, Tulloss prop.
[40°12’49” N/ 74°28’20” W, 31 m], 4.vii.1982 R. E.
Tulloss 7-4-82-A (RET 339-8). Morris Co. -
Mendham, Meadowood Twp. Pk. [40°47'31" N/ 74°38'43"
W, 214 m], 30.vii.1989 Mary Trickett & Jerry
Feldman s.n. [Tulloss 7-30-89-J]
(RET 246-8). Union Co. - N of Millburn,
South Mtn. Reservation, 9.vii.1989 E. R. Yetter
s.n. [Tulloss 7-9-89-ERY1] (RET 246-7).
NEW YORK—Albany Co. - Delmar,
July & August C. H. Peck s.n.
(NYS, in mixed collection as “Amanitopsis
volvata (Pk.) Sacc.”).
Bronx Co. - grounds of NYBG, 27.vii.1902
F. S. Earle 694 (NY as “Amanitopsis
volvata”); Pelham Bay Pk., 20.vi.2021 William
May s.n. [inaturalist no.
84115215]
(RET 941-4, nrLSU & rpb2 seq'd.).
Duchess Co. - Pine Plains,
Thompson Pond, 25.vi.2011
William Bakaitis s.n. (RET 559-8, nrLSU seq'd.).
Nassau Co. (Long
Isl.) - Hicksville, 14.viii.1986 A. Norarevian
s.n. [Tulloss 8-14-86-AN1] (RET 002-7). Rockland Co. - Harrison St.
Pk. ca. Ladentown, on tr. to Squirrel Swamp Mtn.,
10.vi.1963 B. F. Isaacs 2133 (MICH, as “Amanita
peckiana”).
NORTH CAROLINA—Buncombe Co. - Montreat,
23.vi.1976 Allein C. Stanley 213 (UNCC), 2.vii.1983
A. C. Stanley 530 (UNCC), 5.viii.1984 A. C. Stanley
847 (UNCC).
Glenville Co. - Panthertown Tr., 25.vii.2008 J.
Justice NC-AM-10 (RET 590-1, nrITS-LSU seq'd.).
Macon Co. - Highlands,
19.vii.1955 L. R. Hesler 21889 (L), 14.vii.1990 R.
E. Tulloss 7-14-90-A (RET 145-9); Nantahala Nat.
For., Standing Indian Campground, trail opposite to
Lower Ridge Tr. [35.0786° N/ 83.5319° W, 1029 m],
10.vii.1990 R. E. Baird & S. Gordon s.n.
[Tulloss 7-10-90-F] (RET 148-8), R. E. Baird &
S. Gordon s.n. [Tulloss 7-10-90-G] (RET 148-6),
Lower Ridge Tr., 11.vii.1990 R. E. Baird, S.
Gordon, M. A. King & R. E. Tulloss 7-11-90-A
([proposed] holotype, NY, nrITS & nrLSU
seq'd.; [proposed] isotype, RET 025-8),
18.vii.1990 Harley E. Barnhart 90-4
(RET 034-8). Polk Co. - Flat Rock,
1908 E. R. Memminger s.n. (NYS
as "Amanitopsis volvata" (Pk.)
Sacc.).
Swain Co. - GSMNP, N of Bryson
City, 11.vii.1970 K. A. Harrison 9027 (MICH as
“Amanita agglutinata”); GSMNP, 1.viii.1937
L. R. Hesler s.n. (FH).
Unkn. Co. - ca. confluence of Avery, Burke, &
McDowell Cos., Linville Falls area [35.9593 N/
81.9429 W, 1023 m], 29.vii.2021 George A. Lee #1
(RET 940-2, nrLSU & rpb2 seq'd.), #2 (RET 940-3,
nrLSU & rpb2 seq'd.), #3 (RET 940-1, nrLSU & rpb2 seq'd.).
OHIO—Hocking Co. - Conkle’s Hollow St.
Nature Preserve, 4.x.1969 W. B. & V. G.
Cooke 41635 (MICH); Hocking Hills St. Pk., The
Gulf [39.4317335° N/ 82.5462705° W], 26.vii.1969 W.
B. & V. G. Cooke 41153 (MICH). Portage
Co. - West Branch St. Pk., 5.viii.1974 R. Antibus
s.n. (L, as “A. volvata”). Unkn. Co. -
unkn. loc., viii.1915 Leeper s.n. [E. T. & S.
A. Harper 3728] (F 1318208).
PENNSYLVANIA—Carbon Co. -
Hickory Run St. Pk.
[41.0333° N/ 75.6920° W, 400-500 m],
14.viii.2014 David Wasilewski s.n.
[mushroomobserver #175265]
(RET 654-10, nrLSU seq'd.; Lehighton,
Ukrainian Homestead, 22.vii.1996 Charles W. Peale
s.n. (RET ??).
Clinton Co. - S end of Pa. St. Game Lands #89, Hazard
Rd., 3.viii.2019 Grace Russell s.n. [Tulloss 8-3-19-D]
(RET 872-1, nrITS-LSU seq'd.).
Luzerne Co. - Rickett's Glen St. Pk.
[41º18’12” N/ 75º35’09” W], 12.vii.2013
D. Wasilewski s.n. [mushroomobserver #139760]
(RET 549-10, nrLSU seq'd.).
Monroe Co. - Hidden Lk., 21.viii.1982 Mrs. Fox
s.n. [Tulloss 8-21-82-F] (RET 222-9).
Unkn. Co. - border of Franklin
& Adams Cos., Michaux St.
For., District Rd., 12.viii.2005 Richard Aaron s.n.
[Tulloss 8-12-05-G] (RET 386-9, nrLSU seq'd.).
TENNESSEE—Cumberland
Co. - 24 km N of Crossville, by Clear Crk., prop.
S. Roberts [36.1352° N/ 85.0736° W, 558 m],
20.vi.2012 Steve Roberts s.n. [mushroomobserver
#97917]
(RET 503-6, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.).
Davidson Co. - Long Hunter St. Pk., 16.vi.2017 Brian
Adamo s.n. [mushroomobserver
#279329]
(RET 805-10, nrITS-LSU seq'd.).
Sevier Co. - GSMNP,
Indian Gap, 2.viii.1936 L. R. Hesler s.n. (FH),
9.viii.1953 L. R. Hesler 20964 (TENN);
GSMNP, ca, Gatlinburg, Alum
Cave trailhead [35.6300° N/ 83.4511° W, 1190 m],
13.vii.2004 E. B. Lickey & David P. Lewis s.n.
[Tulloss 7-13-04-A] (RET 377-3, nrITS &
nrLSU seq'd.); GSMNP, ca.
Gatlingburg, Grotto Falls trailhead [35.6752°
N/83.4858° W, 780 m], 12.vii.2004 Matt Kierle s.n.
[Tulloss 7-12-04-Y] (RET 377-5).
WEST VIRGINIA—Randolph Co. - Elkins,
3.viii.1985 C. Willet s.n. [Tulloss 8-3-85-A]
(RET 201-2). Tucker Co. - Horseshoe Run,
3.viii.1985 NAMA1985 foray participant s.n.
[Tulloss 8-3-85-I] (RET 201-3). Unkn. Co. - unkn. loc., 16.viii.2007
Steve Trudell s.n. (RET 413-1, nrITS seq'd.).
citations
—R. E. Tulloss and N. R. Goldman
editors
RET
Information to support the viewer in reading the content of "technical" tabs
can be found here.
name
Amanita
whetstoneae
name status
nomen provisorum
author
Tulloss, Goldman and Kudzma
english name
"Whetstone's Amidella"
images
1. Amanita whetstoneae, ?, U.S.A.
2. Amanita whetstoneae, Nantahalla National Forest, North Carolina, U.S.A.
3. Amanita whetstoneae, Forest 44 Conservation Area, St. Louis Co., Missouri, U.S.A. (RET 500-4).
photo
RET - (1) ?, U.S.A.
(2) Nantahalla National Forest, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Patrick Harvey - (3-4) Forest 44 Conservation Area, St. Louis County, Missouri, U.S.A. (RET 500-4). [Note: Additional photographs of this collection in their original size can be found at mushroomobserver.org #96576.]
Britt Bunyard - (5) Rock Creek Park, Washington DC, U.S.A.(RET 512-6) [Note: Untrimmed and unedited images may be found at mushroomobserver.org/96576]
Steve Roberts - (6) Roberts Property, Cumberland Co., Tennessee, U.S.A.(RET 503-6) [Note: Untrimmed and unedited images may be found at mushroomobserver.org/97917]
Dave W - (7) Ricketts Glen State Park, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.(RET 549-10) [Note: Untrimmed and unedited images may be found at mushroomobserver.org/139760]
Logan Wiedenfeld - (8) Rocky Springs Trail, Natchez Trace Parkway, Hermanville, Mississippi, U.S.A.(RET 912-3) [Note: Untrimmed and unedited images may be found at mushroomobserver.org/409958]
Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer;
and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set.
Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences
(which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which
a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.