Amanita whetstoneae - Amanitaceae.org - Taxonomy and Morphology of Amanita and Limacella

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name	Amanita whetstoneae
name status	nomen provisorum
author	Tulloss, Goldman and Kudzma
english name	"Whetstone's Amidella"
images	1. Amanita whetstoneae, ?, U.S.A. 2. Amanita whetstoneae, Nantahalla National Forest, North Carolina, U.S.A. 3. Amanita whetstoneae, Forest 44 Conservation Area, St. Louis Co., Missouri, U.S.A. (RET 500-4).
intro	The following is based on original research of RET.
cap	The cap tends to become tannish with age and is the only known taxon among North American species of section Amidella to do so.
stem	The stem is long and sometimes sinuous and lacks an annulus. The volval sack is notably elongated and tubular,
spores	The spores measure (7.0-) 8.8 - 12.0 (-14.1) × (4.2-) 4.8 - 6.5 (-8.2) µm and are ellipsoid to elongate to cylindric (rarely broadly ellipsoid) and amyloid. Clamps are not to be found at the bases of basidia.
discussion	Brick-red staining of the volva or other parts of the fruiting body with injury, exposure, or age is not prominent in this species. The only other taxon in section Amidella in North America with such a weak oxidation reaction is Amanita peckiana Kauffman. This latter species has spores that are dominantly cylindric and, early in the mushroom's expansion, it has a delicate, but distinct, ring. A ring is always absent in A. whetstoneae. The present species is uncommon, but locally plentiful. This is the tallest species in section Amidella in N. America (although all "large" taxa can have occasional, smaller fruiting bodies).—R. E. Tulloss
brief editors	RET

name

Amanita whetstoneae

author

Tulloss, Goldman and Kudzma nom. prov.

name status

nomen provisorum

english name

"Whetstone's Amidella"

etymology

Named in honor of Dr. Mary Snoddy Whetstone (1849-1929) who supplied Peck with the specimen to which he provisionally attached the epithet "whetstonei." Dr. Whetstone was the founder of the Minnesota Mycological Society (1898) and served as its president until 1911. She was a pioneering pediatrician organizing or leading many women’s professional associations as well as working for women’s right to vote and for the Women’s Christian Temperance Union. She played a significant role in the founding of the Minneapolis-St. Paul Children's Hospital.

GenBank nos.

Due to delays in data processing at GenBank, some accession numbers may lead to unreleased (pending) pages. These pages will eventually be made live, so try again later.

accession	locus	voucher	source
OP001374	nrLSU	29.vii.2021 George A. Lee #2 (RET 940-3)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
KU186816	nrITS	14.viii.2014 David Wasilewski s.n. (RET 654-10)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KX061533	nrLSU	12.viii.2005 Richard Aaron s.n. [Tulloss 8-12-05-G] (RET 386-9)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
OP001373	nrLSU	29.vii.2021 George A. Lee #1 (RET 940-2)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
OP001377	nrITS	12.iv.2020 Logan Weidenfeld s.n. (RET 913-6)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
OP001372	nrLSU	29.vii.2021 George A. Lee #3 (RET 940-1)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
KX061530	nrLSU	28.vi.2014 Patrick Harvey s.n. (RET 642-7)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KX061531	nrLSU	26.vi.2015 Nina Burghardt s.n. (RET 697-1)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
OP001370	nrLSU	20.v.2020 L. Weidenfeld s.n. (RET 912-3)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
KP284289	nrLSU	11.vii.1990 R. E. Baird, S. Gordon, M. A. King & R. E. Tulloss 7-11-90-A (RET 025-8)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KX018806	nrLSU	6.vi.2012 Ruthie Ristich s.n. (RET 512-6)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KU186818	nrITS	20.vi.2012 Steve Roberts s.n. (RET 503-6)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
OQ288874	rpb2	29.vii.2021 George A. Lee #1 (RET 940-2)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
OP001375	nrLSU	20.vi.2021 William May s.n. (RET 941-4)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
KC841907	nrITS	12.vii.2004 Matt Kierle s.n. [Tulloss 7-12-04-Y] (RET 377-5)	K. W. Hughes Lab., Univ. of Tenn., Knoxville
KC855221	nrITS	28.vi.2012 Patrick Harvey s.n. [mushroomobserver #95700] (RET 500-4)	T. Bruns Lab., Univ. of Calif., Berkeley
KC841905	nrITS	12.vii.2004 Matt Kierle s.n. [Tulloss 7-12-04-Y] (RET 377-5)	K. W. Hughes Lab., Univ. of Tenn., Knoxville
KC841906	nrITS	12.vii.2004 Matt Kierle s.n. [Tulloss 7-12-04-Y] (RET 377-5)	K. W. Hughes Lab., Univ. of Tenn., Knoxville
OP035793	nrITS-LSU	16.vi.2017 B. Adamo s.n. (RET 805-10)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
OP834192	rpb2	20.vi.2021 William May s.n. (RET 941-4)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
KX018807	nrLSU	12.vii.2013 D. Wasilewski s.n. (RET 549-10)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
ON843642	ITS2-nrLSU	25.vii.2008 J. Justice NC-AM-10 (RET 590-1)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
OP001371	nrLSU	12.iv.2020 Logan Weidenfeld s.n. (RET 913-6)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
MZ411549	nrLSU	3.viii.2019 Grace Russell s.n. [Tulloss 8-3-19-D] (RET 872-1)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
MZ411567	nrITS	3.viii.2019 Grace Russell s.n. [Tulloss 8-3-19-D] (RET 872-1)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
KU186812	nrLSU	20.vi.2012 Steve Roberts s.n. (RET 503-6)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KU186813	nrLSU	13.vii.2004 E. B. Lickey & David P. Lewis s.n. (RET 377-3)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KX061517	nrITS	28.vi.2014 Patrick Harvey s.n. (RET 642-7)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
OQ288873	rpb2	29.vii.2021 George A. Lee #3 (RET 940-1)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
KU186814	nrITS	6.vi.2012 Ruthie Ristich s.n. (RET 512-6)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KU186817	nrITS	29-30.vi.2012 P. Harvey s.n. (RET 500-9)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KU186819	nrITS	13.vii.2004 E. B. Lickey & David P. Lewis s.n. (RET 377-3)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KX061519	nrITS	12.viii.2005 Richard Aaron s.n. [Tulloss 8-12-05-G] (RET 386-9)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KX061532	nrLSU	25.vi.2011 William Bakaitis s.n. (RET 559-8)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KX018800	nrITS	16.viii.2007 Steve Trudell s.n. (RET 413-1)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KU186811	nrLSU	29-30.vi.2012 P. Harvey s.n. (RET 500-9)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KU186815	nrITS	12.vii.2013 D. Wasilewski s.n. (RET 549-10)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KX061518	nrITS	26.vi.2015 Nina Burghardt s.n. (RET 697-1)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
OQ288875	rpb2	29.vii.2021 George A. Lee #2 (RET 940-3)	S. D. Russell, Marion, IN
KX018808	nrLSU	14.viii.2014 David Wasilewski s.n. (RET 654-10)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KP284288	nrITS	11.vii.1990 R. E. Baird, S. Gordon, M. A. King & R. E. Tulloss 7-11-90-A (RET 025-8)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ

intro

Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain.

The following material is based on original research of R. E. Tulloss.

basidiospores

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[1070/52/43] (7.0-) 8.8 - 12.0 (-14.1) × (4.2-) 4.8 - 6.5 (-8.2) µm, (L = (8.4-) 9.0 - 11.2 (-11.6) µm; L’ = 10.3 µm; W = (4.7-) 5.0 - 6.1 (-6.8) µm; W’ = 5.5 µm; Q = (1.28-) 1.54 - 2.19 (-2.69); Q = (1.61-) 1.66 - 2.04 (-2.13); Q’ = 1.87), colorless, hyaline, thin-walled or with very slightly thickened walls, smooth, amyloid, elongate to cylindrical, occasionally ellipsoid, occasionally slightly constricted, sometimes swollen at one end, often adaxially flattened; apiculus sublateral, truncate-conic, proportionately small; contents guttulate to granular; white in deposit.

ecology

Solitary to subgregarious. Illinois: In mixed deciduous woods. Maryland: In mixed forest with Acer, Populus tremuloides, Pinus (2-needled), Quercus prinus, Sassafras alba. Massachusetts: Under Pinus. Minnesota: In sandy field. Missouri: In Quercus-Carya forest with Cornus, Asimina sp., Diosporos sp., scattered Platanus occidentalis, and infrequent Juniperus virginiana. New Jersey: At 31 m elev. and higher. In mixed deciduous woods including Quercus. New York: In mixed woods with Tsuga canadensis. North Carolina: In black loam under gravel in drainage area under Acer rubrum, Q. alba and Rhododendron sp. or in moist dark sandy loam under Betula alleghaniensis, Quercus sp., A. rubrum, T. canadensis, and Rhododendron sp. or in moist dark loam with Quercus, B. allegahniensis, T. canadensis, and Rhododendron or in sandy creek bank under Liriodendron tulipifera, Fagus grandifolia, and A. rubrum or with mixed forest of Tsuga canadensis, Quercus, Acer, Pinus, and Rhododendron. Ohio: In Quercus-Carya forest or in sandy soil in mixed woods. Pennsylvania: In hardwood forest or in mixed (Pinus/Quercus) woods. Tennessee: At 558 - 1190 m elev. In mixed forest including Quercus. West Virginia: In loamy clay in forest of Betula, Quercus, Rhododendron, T. canadensis, and Pinus strobus.

This taxon seems to have a tolerance for rather wet areas. The North Carolina collections from Montreat and Standing Indian Campground were found in the floodplains of rivers; the 1990 collection from Highlands, North Carolina was found in the gravel of a area designed to take the drainage from the eaves of a building.

material examined

U.S.A.: CONNECTICUT—Tolland Co. - Storrs, viii.1905 E. A. White s.n. (NYS as "Amanitopsis volvata (Pk.) Sacc." with note in Peck’s hand “Amanitopsis whitei” [nom. ined.—ed.]). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA—without cos. - Rock Creek Regional Park, 6.vi.2012 Ruthie Ristich s.n. [mushroomobserver #96576] (RET 512-6, immature & nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). FLORIDA—Alachua Co. - 13 km NW of Gainesville, in woods near Devil’s Millhopper, 1.x.1967 Chet Michalski 140 (FLAS). ILLINOIS—Jackson Co. - Giant City St. Pk., 19.viii.1973 Mary T. Chiu B19 (SIU), 8.vii.1984 T. J. Began 185 (SIU), 13.vii.1986 T. J. Began 384 (SIU). INDIANA—Parke Co. - Rockville, 2.ix.1907 Geo. T. Howell s.n. (CUP 23475 as “Amanitopsis volvata”). MAINE—Cumberland Co. - Cumberland Ctr., viii.1983 S. S. Ristich s.n. [Tulloss 8-83-SSR1] (RET 007-8), 5.ix.1986 S. S. Ristich s.n. [Tulloss 9-5-86-SSR1] (RET 002-8). Oxford Co. - ca. Bryant Pond, Twitchell Pond, 22.viii.1990 S. S. Ristich s.n. [Tulloss 8-22-90-SSR1] (RET 009-6). Waldo Co. - Northport, 8.viii.1967 R. L. Homola 2339 (L). MARYLAND—Baltimore Co. - Prettyboy Reservoir watershed area, 28.vi.1992 Paul Noell s.n. [Tulloss 6-28-92-PN1] (MEXU; RET 062-3). MASSACHUSETTS—Middlesex Co. - Lynnfield, 26.viii.1943 R. Singer s.n. (FH, as “Amanita volvata”). MINNESOTA—Hennepin Co. - Minneapolis, 5.ix.1912 Mrs. Kirchner s.n. [M. S. Whetstone 20] (NYS as “Amanita whetstonei Pk. - TYPE”). MISSISSIPPI—Hinds Co. - Rocky Springs Tr., Natchez Trace Pkwy. [32.0865° N/ 90.7089 W, 56 ], 12.iv.2020 Logan Weidenfeld s.n. (RET 913-6, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.), 20.v.2020 L. Weidenfeld s.n. [mushroomobserver #409958] (RET 912-3, nrLSU seq'd.). MISSOURI—Lincoln Co. - Cuivre River St. Pk. [38.03° N/ 90.93° W, 330 m], 28.vi.2014 Patrick Harvey s.n. [mushroomobserver #168639] (RET 642-7, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). St. Louis Co. - Conservation Area 44 [38.5318° N/ 90.5173° W, 169 m], 28.vi.2012 P. Harvey s.n. [mushroomobserver #95700] (RET 500-4), 29-30.vi.2012 P. Harvey s.n. [mushroomobserver #95700(b)] (RET 500-9, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). NEW HAMPSHIRE—Carroll Co. - Albany, White Mtn. Nat. For., ca. Swift R., 13.viii.1994 J. Hurley s.n. [Tulloss 8-13-94-JH1] (RET 129-4). NEW JERSEY—Hunterdon Co. - Sourland Preserve [40.4262° N/ 74.7776° W, 135 m], 26.vi.2015 Nina Burghardt s.n. (RET 697-1, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). Mercer Co. - Trenton, vii.1907 E. B. Sterling s.n. (NYS as “Amanitopsis volvata (Pk.) Sacc.”). Monmouth Co. - Roosevelt, Tulloss prop. [40°12’49” N/ 74°28’20” W, 31 m], 4.vii.1982 R. E. Tulloss 7-4-82-A (RET 339-8). Morris Co. - Mendham, Meadowood Twp. Pk. [40°47'31" N/ 74°38'43" W, 214 m], 30.vii.1989 Mary Trickett & Jerry Feldman s.n. [Tulloss 7-30-89-J] (RET 246-8). Union Co. - N of Millburn, South Mtn. Reservation, 9.vii.1989 E. R. Yetter s.n. [Tulloss 7-9-89-ERY1] (RET 246-7). NEW YORK—Albany Co. - Delmar, July & August C. H. Peck s.n. (NYS, in mixed collection as “Amanitopsis volvata (Pk.) Sacc.”). Bronx Co. - grounds of NYBG, 27.vii.1902 F. S. Earle 694 (NY as “Amanitopsis volvata”); Pelham Bay Pk., 20.vi.2021 William May s.n. [inaturalist no. 84115215] (RET 941-4, nrLSU & rpb2 seq'd.). Duchess Co. - Pine Plains, Thompson Pond, 25.vi.2011 William Bakaitis s.n. (RET 559-8, nrLSU seq'd.). Nassau Co. (Long Isl.) - Hicksville, 14.viii.1986 A. Norarevian s.n. [Tulloss 8-14-86-AN1] (RET 002-7). Rockland Co. - Harrison St. Pk. ca. Ladentown, on tr. to Squirrel Swamp Mtn., 10.vi.1963 B. F. Isaacs 2133 (MICH, as “Amanita peckiana”). NORTH CAROLINA—Buncombe Co. - Montreat, 23.vi.1976 Allein C. Stanley 213 (UNCC), 2.vii.1983 A. C. Stanley 530 (UNCC), 5.viii.1984 A. C. Stanley 847 (UNCC). Glenville Co. - Panthertown Tr., 25.vii.2008 J. Justice NC-AM-10 (RET 590-1, nrITS-LSU seq'd.). Macon Co. - Highlands, 19.vii.1955 L. R. Hesler 21889 (L), 14.vii.1990 R. E. Tulloss 7-14-90-A (RET 145-9); Nantahala Nat. For., Standing Indian Campground, trail opposite to Lower Ridge Tr. [35.0786° N/ 83.5319° W, 1029 m], 10.vii.1990 R. E. Baird & S. Gordon s.n. [Tulloss 7-10-90-F] (RET 148-8), R. E. Baird & S. Gordon s.n. [Tulloss 7-10-90-G] (RET 148-6), Lower Ridge Tr., 11.vii.1990 R. E. Baird, S. Gordon, M. A. King & R. E. Tulloss 7-11-90-A ([proposed] holotype, NY, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.; [proposed] isotype, RET 025-8), 18.vii.1990 Harley E. Barnhart 90-4 (RET 034-8). Polk Co. - Flat Rock, 1908 E. R. Memminger s.n. (NYS as "Amanitopsis volvata" (Pk.) Sacc.). Swain Co. - GSMNP, N of Bryson City, 11.vii.1970 K. A. Harrison 9027 (MICH as “Amanita agglutinata”); GSMNP, 1.viii.1937 L. R. Hesler s.n. (FH). Unkn. Co. - ca. confluence of Avery, Burke, & McDowell Cos., Linville Falls area [35.9593 N/ 81.9429 W, 1023 m], 29.vii.2021 George A. Lee #1 (RET 940-2, nrLSU & rpb2 seq'd.), #2 (RET 940-3, nrLSU & rpb2 seq'd.), #3 (RET 940-1, nrLSU & rpb2 seq'd.). OHIO—Hocking Co. - Conkle’s Hollow St. Nature Preserve, 4.x.1969 W. B. & V. G. Cooke 41635 (MICH); Hocking Hills St. Pk., The Gulf [39.4317335° N/ 82.5462705° W], 26.vii.1969 W. B. & V. G. Cooke 41153 (MICH). Portage Co. - West Branch St. Pk., 5.viii.1974 R. Antibus s.n. (L, as “A. volvata”). Unkn. Co. - unkn. loc., viii.1915 Leeper s.n. [E. T. & S. A. Harper 3728] (F 1318208). PENNSYLVANIA—Carbon Co. - Hickory Run St. Pk. [41.0333° N/ 75.6920° W, 400-500 m], 14.viii.2014 David Wasilewski s.n. [mushroomobserver #175265] (RET 654-10, nrLSU seq'd.; Lehighton, Ukrainian Homestead, 22.vii.1996 Charles W. Peale s.n. (RET ??). Clinton Co. - S end of Pa. St. Game Lands #89, Hazard Rd., 3.viii.2019 Grace Russell s.n. [Tulloss 8-3-19-D] (RET 872-1, nrITS-LSU seq'd.). Luzerne Co. - Rickett's Glen St. Pk. [41º18’12” N/ 75º35’09” W], 12.vii.2013 D. Wasilewski s.n. [mushroomobserver #139760] (RET 549-10, nrLSU seq'd.). Monroe Co. - Hidden Lk., 21.viii.1982 Mrs. Fox s.n. [Tulloss 8-21-82-F] (RET 222-9). Unkn. Co. - border of Franklin & Adams Cos., Michaux St. For., District Rd., 12.viii.2005 Richard Aaron s.n. [Tulloss 8-12-05-G] (RET 386-9, nrLSU seq'd.). TENNESSEE—Cumberland Co. - 24 km N of Crossville, by Clear Crk., prop. S. Roberts [36.1352° N/ 85.0736° W, 558 m], 20.vi.2012 Steve Roberts s.n. [mushroomobserver #97917] (RET 503-6, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). Davidson Co. - Long Hunter St. Pk., 16.vi.2017 Brian Adamo s.n. [mushroomobserver #279329] (RET 805-10, nrITS-LSU seq'd.). Sevier Co. - GSMNP, Indian Gap, 2.viii.1936 L. R. Hesler s.n. (FH), 9.viii.1953 L. R. Hesler 20964 (TENN); GSMNP, ca, Gatlinburg, Alum Cave trailhead [35.6300° N/ 83.4511° W, 1190 m], 13.vii.2004 E. B. Lickey & David P. Lewis s.n. [Tulloss 7-13-04-A] (RET 377-3, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.); GSMNP, ca. Gatlingburg, Grotto Falls trailhead [35.6752° N/83.4858° W, 780 m], 12.vii.2004 Matt Kierle s.n. [Tulloss 7-12-04-Y] (RET 377-5). WEST VIRGINIA—Randolph Co. - Elkins, 3.viii.1985 C. Willet s.n. [Tulloss 8-3-85-A] (RET 201-2). Tucker Co. - Horseshoe Run, 3.viii.1985 NAMA1985 foray participant s.n. [Tulloss 8-3-85-I] (RET 201-3). Unkn. Co. - unkn. loc., 16.viii.2007 Steve Trudell s.n. (RET 413-1, nrITS seq'd.).

citations

—R. E. Tulloss and N. R. Goldman

editors

RET

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Spore data for collections
provisionally identified as: Amanita whetstoneae Tulloss, Goldman and Kudzma

Spore data sets and their composite

Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.

basidiospore definition

Spore Measurements by Collection

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name	Amanita whetstoneae
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name	Amanita whetstoneae
bottom links	[ Keys & Checklists ]