name | Amanita subjunquillea var. alba |
name status | nomen acceptum |
author | Zhu L. Yang |
english name | "East Asian Destroying Angel" |
images | |
cap |
The fruiting body of A. subjunquillea var. alba is small to medium-sized. The cap is (20-) 30 - 100 mm wide, first hemispherical, then convex to plano-convex to applanate, white to whitish, sometimes pale cream-colored to pale yellowish in the center, subviscid, glabrous and usually without volval remnants. The margin is smooth or sometimes finely striate and non-appendiculate, and the flesh is white to whitish. |
gills |
The gills are free and crowded, and the short gills are attenuate. |
stem |
The stem is 50 - 145 × 3 - 20 mm, subcylindrical or slightly tapering upward, white to whitish, smooth or with white fibrils or reflexed squamules. The stem's basal bulb is subglobose and 7 - 20 (-30) mm wide. The volva on the stipe base is limbate, membranous, sometimes leathery, with free limb up to 15 mm in height and 4 mm thick; both surfaces are white to whitish. An annulus is present; it is superior, white, and membranous or friable. |
odor/taste | The odor and taste have not been described. The species is deadly POISONOUS. |
spores |
The spores measure (6.0-) 6.5 - 9.0 (-10.5) × (5.5-) 6.0 - 8.5 (-10.0) µm and are globose to subglobose and amyloid. |
discussion |
The fresh basidiomes of A. subjunquillea var. alba give a yellow reaction to 5% KOH solution (see photograph, above). Amanita subjunquillea var. alba is deadly POISON. It appears similar to A. virosa (Fr.) Bertillon in DeChambre and is, perhaps, more closely related (note the cap is not irregularly shaped) to A. bisporigera G. F. Atk. One may also wish to compare A. exitialis Zhu L. Yang & T. H. Li. There is no close relation to A. gemmata (Fr.) Bertillon in Dechambre (=A. jonquillea Quél.)—a species of Amanita section Amanita. This taxon was originally described from southwestern China. It is widely distributed in China and Japan and is also known from northern India.—Zhu L. Yang and R. E. Tulloss |
brief editors | RET |
name | Amanita subjunquillea var. alba | ||||||||||||||||
author | Zhu L. Yang. 1997. Biblioth. Mycol. 170: 174, figs. 143-144. | ||||||||||||||||
name status | nomen acceptum | ||||||||||||||||
english name | "East Asian Destroying Angel" | ||||||||||||||||
MycoBank nos. | 444655 | ||||||||||||||||
GenBank nos. |
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holotypes | HKAS | ||||||||||||||||
revisions |
Z. L. Yang & Y. Doi. 1999. Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo B 25(3): 126-127, figs. 30-31. Z. L. Yang & T. H. Li. 2001. Mycotaxon 78: 445, figs. 7-9. | ||||||||||||||||
intro |
The following text may make multiple use of each data field. The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon. Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original material. The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog). Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of this text is appropriate. Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain. NOTE: Spore measurements from papers by Z. L. Yang use his "Times New Roman" face for "Q" and "Q'"—respectively, " | ||||||||||||||||
basidiospores |
from protolog: [154/5/3] (6.0-) 6.5 - 8.5 (-9.0) × 6.0 - 8.5 (-9.0) μm, ( from Yang and Doi (1999): [124/10/6] (6.0-) 6.5 - 8.0 (-9.0) × (5.0-) 6.0 - 7.5 (-8.5) μm, ( from Yang and Li (2001): [532/28/20] (6.0-) 6.5 - 9.0 (-10.5) × (5.5-) 6.0 - 8.5 (-10.0) μm, ( from Yang (2002a): [40/2/2] 7.0 - 9.0 (-9.5) × (6.5-) 7.0 - 8.0 (-9.0) μm, ( | ||||||||||||||||
ecology | Solitary to gregarious. China: At up to 2100 m elev. In mixed or coniferous forest dominated by species of the Fagaceae and/or Pinaceae; for example, with Pinus langbianensis or with P. yunnanensis and Quercus spp. Japan: In forests. | ||||||||||||||||
material examined |
From protolog: CHINA:
GUIZHOU—Zunyi (prefecture level) City - Daozhen Gelao and Miao
Autonomous Co., Dashahe, 20.vii.1988 J. Z. Ying et al. 471 (paratype, HMAS 58289, as "Amanita virosa" in (Ying & Zang 1994)).
SICHUAN—Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture - Xichang (county level) City, Luojishan, 18.vii.1983 M. S. Yuan 31 (holotype, HKAS 1183).
YUNNAN—Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture - Menghai Co., Mangao, 14.viii.1991 Z. L. Yang 1530 (paratype, HKAS 24169). Yang and Doi (1999): JAPAN: HONSHU—Chiba Prefecture - Kiyosumi, Fudagou, Do-zawa, 14.vii.1983 Y. Doi s.n. (TNS F-174870). Kyoto Prefecture - Ahiu, Kyoto Univ. For., 24.vii.1964 Y. Doi s.n. (TNS F-194890). Tokyo Metropolis (Pref.) - Oume City, Kurosawa 3-Chôme, left-side ridge of Kurosawa-gawa R., along hiking course, 5.x.1997 Y. Doi s.n. (TNS F-237599), s.n. (TNS F-237594), s.n. (TNS F-237748); Oume City, Kurosawa 3-Chôme, right-side ridge of Kurosawa-gawa R., 25.ix.1997 Y. Doi s.n. (TNS F-237846). Yang and Li (2001): CHINA: BEIJING—Miyun Co. - unkn. loc., 4.viii.1978 Y.-C. Zong s.n. (HMAS 40501), Yang (2002a): CHINA: JILIN—Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture - Antu Co., Mt. Changbai, s.d. Y. Wang 79340 (IFP); Changbai Mtns., s.d. Z. X. Xie 820568 (IFP). Zhang et al. (2004) voucher for sequencing: CHINA: YUNNAN—Unkn. loc., s.d. unkn. coll. s.n. (HKAS 32665). | ||||||||||||||||
discussion |
In the technical tab discussion data field for A. exitialis, sporograph comparisons are made between a number of white taxa of sect. Phalloideae that have a yellow reaction to macrochemical spot testing with KOH. Of the compared taxa the two with spore size and shape most similar to the present species are A. bisporigera and A. virosa. Sporographs for these species and the present taxon appear in the following figure. | ||||||||||||||||
citations | —R. E. Tulloss | ||||||||||||||||
editors | RET | ||||||||||||||||
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name | Amanita subjunquillea var. alba |
bottom links | [ Keys & Checklists ] |
name | Amanita subjunquillea var. alba |
bottom links | [ Keys & Checklists ] |
Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.