Amanita rubromarginata

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name	Amanita rubromarginata
name status	nomen acceptum
author	Har. Takahashi
english name	"Red-Skirted Slender Caesar"
images	1. Amanita rubromarginata, type, Ishigaki Isl., Okinawa, Japan. 2. Amanita rubromarginata, type, Ishigaki Isl., Okinawa, Japan.
cap	The orange to brownish orange then reddish yellow cap of Amanita rubromarginata measures up to 80 mm wide and has a long sulcate-striate margin. The cap is at first cylindric-campanulate then expands to nearly plane to slightly concave and subumbonate. It is glabrous and subviscid when wet. The flesh is soft, 3 - 7 mm thick in the center, yellowish white, and deeper yellow below the cap skin.
gills	The gills are free, very close (55 - 70 reach the stipe), pale yellow and have reddish orange edges. Short gills are of diverse lengths.
stem	The stem is 60 - 120 × 5 - 16 mm, yellow, and has a thin, membranous, reddish orange annulus and and a thick, white, saccate volva. The stem is subcylindrical or slightly tapering upward, hollow, silky fibrillose, and appressed with indefinite, orange-red squamules forming irregular transverse zones.
spores	The spores measure 8 - 9 × 5.5 - 7 μm and are broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid and inamyloid. [Note: RET spore measurements from an isotype specimen are 7.5 - 9.5 (-10.5) × (5.8-) 5.9 - 6.9 (-7.6) μm, with spores dominantly ellipsoid, sometimes broadly ellipsoid, and rarely elongate.] Clamps are present at bases of basidia.
discussion	Amanita rubromarginata is easily distinguished from Amanita hemibapha (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. var. hemibapha [Ed. Note: In the present article, this must be taken sensu auct. japon.], Amanita hemibapha var.ochracea Zhu L.Yang, and Amanita javanica (Corner & Bas) T. Oda, C. Tanaka, & Tsuda by its smaller fruiting body, and its reddish orange annulus and reddish marginate gills. [Ed. Note: Amanita rubromarginata is assignable to Amanita stirps Hemibapha, in the small-spored group (see key). The spores of the present species are more narrrow than those of A. hemibapha sensu auct. japon. (=A. caesareoides Lyu. N. Vassilieva), the cap of which is brilliant red. While A. hemibapha var. ochracea and A. javanica are similar to the present species in cap color, they both have larger spores and can be easily distinguished using the key on this site.] Amanita rubromarginata was described from Oak-Chinkapin forests on Ishigaki Island (Okinawa, southwestern Japan).—Dr. H. Takahashi
brief editors	RET

name

Amanita rubromarginata

author

Har. Takahashi. 2004. Mycoscience 45: 372, figs. 1-2.

name status

nomen acceptum

english name

"Red-Skirted Slender Caesar"

etymology

ruber, "red" + marginatus, "marginate"; because of the red-edged lamellae

MycoBank nos.

373370

GenBank nos.

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accession	locus	voucher	source
KF877164	tef1	15.ix.2003 H. Takahashi s.n. (isotype, RET 383-1)	S. Sanchez et al., (direct deposit), Roy. Ontario Mus., Toronto
KP662538	nrITS	nrITS (partial)	L. V. Kudzma, Annandale, NJ
KF877279	nrLSU	15.ix.2003 H. Takahashi s.n. (isotype, RET 383-1)	S. Sanchez et al., (direct deposit), Roy. Ontario Mus., Toronto
JX844739	nrITS (partial)	15.ix.2003 H. Takahashi s.n. (isotype, RET 383-1)	S. Sanchez et al., (direct deposit), Roy. Ontario Mus., Toronto

holotypes

KPM [Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History]; isotype, RET

intro

The following text may make multiple use of each data field.

The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon. Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original material.

The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog). Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of this text is appropriate.

Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain.

The following material is from the protolog and from original research of R. E. Tulloss.

pileus

from protolog: 40 - 80 mm wide, at first orange (6B7-8) to brownish orange (6-7C7-8) overall, then reddish-yellow (4B7-8) toward margin, in age grayish yellow (4C7) over disc, at first cylindric-campanulate, expanding to nearly planar to slightly concave and subumbonate. glabrous, subviscid when wet; context soft, yellowish white except deeper yellow just below pileipellis, 3-7 mm thick over stipe; margin long sulcate-striate; universal veil absent.

lamellae

from protolog: free, very close (55 - 70), pale yellow, up to 10 mm broad, with edges fimbriate and reddish orange (7B7-8); lamellulae in 1-3 "series."

stipe

from protolog: 60 - 120 × 5 - 16 μm, pale yellow, usually covered with reddish orange (7B7-8) appressed "indefinite squamules forming irregular transverse zones," subcylindric or slightly narrowing upward, silky fibrillose; context hollow; partial veil subapical, thin, membranous, 10-15 mm wide, reddish orange (7B7-8), striate [above]; universal veil as saccate volva, 20 - 40 × 10 - 25 mm, thick, bilobate, white, sometimes stained dingy brown.

odor/taste

from protolog: Odor and taste indistinct.

macrochemical
tests

none recorded.

pileipellis

from protolog: filamentous hyphae 4 - 8 μm wide, with orange (5A6) to deep orange (5A8) intracellular pigment, thin-walled; clamps occasional.

pileus context

from protolog: filamentous hyphae 5 - 14 μm wide, colorless, thin-walled, "parallel to...pileipellis elements."

lamella trama

from protolog: bilateral, narrow; with intercalary cells cylindric to clavate to subfusiform.

subhymenium

from protolog: inflated ramose, 20 - 40 μm thick, comprising subglobose to ellipsoid cells in 1 - 3 layers.

basidia

from protolog: 25 - 30 × 8 - 10 μm, 4-sterigmate. [Note: Clamps are undoubtedly present. ed.]

universal veil

from protolog: On pileus: absent. On stipe base: filamentous hyphae 4 - 8 μm wide; inflated cells scattered, oblong or broadly clavate or ellipsoid or subglobose, 35 - 75 × 12 -40 μm.

stipe context

from protolog: longitudinally oriented tissue; Near surface: filamentous hyphae 4 - 14 μm wide, with reddish yellow (4A7) to deep yellow (4A8) vacuolar pigment, thin-walled. Interior: filamentous hyphae 8 - 38 μm wide, colorless, thin-walled. [Note: Given the hyphal diameters cited, acrophysalides are treated as "hyphae."—ed.]

partial veil

not described.

lamella edge tissue

from protolog: inflated cells plentiful to scattered, narrowly clavate to pyriform, 30 - 60 &time; 8 - 15 μm, thin-walled, colorless or with dark orange (5A8) to orange (5A6) intracellular pigment.

basidiospores

send to graphing tool

from protolog: [20/2/2] 8 - 9 × 5.5 - 7 μm, (Q = 1.28 - 1.45), colorless, smooth, thin-walled, inamyloid, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; apiculus sublateral and truncate-conic (both per figure); contents as large refractive guttule; color in deposit not recorded.

from isotype in RET: [21/1/1] 7.5 - 9.5 (-10.5) × (5.8-) 5.9 - 6.9 (-7.6) μm, (L = 8.5 μm; W = 6.3 μm; Q = (1.21-) 1.22 - 1.43 (-1.69); Q = 1.34), hyaline, colorless, smooth, thin-walled, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid (infrequently elongate), often adaxially flattened; apiculus ??; content dominantly monoguttulate with occasional small granules; color in deposit not recorded.

ecology

from protolog: Scattered. In broad-leaved forest dominated by Quercus miyagii Koidz. and Castanopsis cuspidata (Thunb. ex Murray) Schottky var. sieboldii (Mak.) Nakai..

material examined

from protolog: JAPAN: OKINAWA-KEN—Ishigaki Isl., Ishigaki-shi, Banna-dake, 8.vi.2001 H. Takahashi s.n. (paratype, KPM NC0010087), 15.ix.2003 H. Takahashi s.n. (holotype, KPM NC0011979; isotype, RET 383-1).

RET: JAPAN: OKINAWA-KEN—Ishigaki Isl., Ishigaki-shi, Banna-dake, 15.ix.2003 H. Takahashi s.n. (holotype, KPM NC0011979; isotype, RET 383-1).

discussion

The author gives the Japanese name for this species as "fuchidori-tamagotake."

citations

—R. E. Tulloss

editors

RET

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name	Amanita rubromarginata
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