name | Amanita persicina |
name status | nomen acceptum |
author | (Dav. T. Jenkins) Tulloss & Geml |
english name | "Peach-Colored Fly Agaric" |
images |
1. Amanita persicina, Rutherford Co., North Carolina, U.S.A. 2. Amanita persicina, Harrison St. For., Mississippi, U.S.A. 3. Amanita persicina, Harrison St. For., Mississippi, U.S.A. 4. Amanita persicina, Stokes St. For., Sussex Co., New Jersey, U.S.A. 5. Amanita persicina, 195 mm wide cap, Belleplain St. For., Cape May Co., New Jersey, U.S.A. |
intro |
The macroscopic description of this mushroom is largely reliant on the original description by Jenkins (1977). Additional observations from RET are included. |
cap | The cap of Amanita persicina is 40 - 130 (-195) mm wide, subviscid, glabrous, hemispherical to truncate-convex when young, becoming plano-convex to slightly plano-depressed, pastel red to light orange, slightly appendiculate, with a faintly to moderately striate margin. Volval remnants are present as thin, pale yellow to yellowish tan to tan, floccose-fibrillose patches, often in near concentric rings. |
gills |
The gills of this taxon are truncately free, very crowded, moderately broad, creamy with a pale pinkish tint, and with a very floccose edge; the short gills are numerous and abruptly truncate. |
stem | The stem is 40 - 105 × 8 - 20 (-38) mm, cylindric or slightly expanded at top, pale yellow at top with the rest white to tannish white, fibrillose at the top. The stem's bulb is globose to subovoid and 20 - 45 × 15 - 35 mm. The ring of this species is white above and yellowish below; it is fragile and positioned at about midstipe, with a thick margin. Often it is not seen in fresh material. Occasionally, a few fine ringlets of yellowish tan to tan, floccose volval material are seen on the lower stem. |
spores |
The spores measure (8.0-) 9.4 - 12.7 (-18.0) x (5.5-) 6.5 - 8.5 (-11.1) µm and are ellipsoid to elongate (infrequently broadly ellipsoid, rarely cylindric) and are inamyloid. Clamps are common at bases of basidia. |
discussion |
Typical muscarioid rings of volval material on the lower stipe and upper bulb of this taxon are very weakly structured. Often, there are no rings notable on fresh material. The species is known from the Gulf Coast states of the US north to the sandy coastal plains of eastern Long Island, New York, and the Canadian Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)-northern hardwood forests of northwestern New Jersey. The most northern known collections have been made since 1998. The species is associated predominantly with oak (Quercus) and pine (Pinus). For more about mycorrhizal association with the latter, the reader may wish to consult the following: Miller, O. K., Jr., D. T. Jenkins and P. Dery. 1986. Mycorrhizal synthesis of Amanita muscaria var. persicina with hard pines. Mycotaxon 26: 165-172. The reader should compare this mushroom with A. muscaria subsp. flavivolvata Singer, A. muscaria var. guessowii Veselý, and A. chrysoblema G. F. Atk. in Kauffman. Of the American muscarioid taxa (as currently known), A. persicina has the most fragile ring and the most fragile volva. The ranges of the muscarioid taxa are known to overlap.—R. E. Tulloss |
brief editors | RET |
name | Amanita persicina | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
author | (Dav. T. Jenkins) Tulloss & Geml in Tulloss et al. 2015. Amanitaceae 1(2): 3. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
name status | nomen acceptum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
english name | "Peach-Colored Fly Agaric" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
synonyms |
≡Amanita muscaria var. persicina Dav. T. Jenkins. 1977. Biblioth. Mycol. 57: 59, pl. 7, 30.
non Amanita persicina R. N. Hilton & S. Clancyined. 1988. Conservation Council. W. Austral. Res. Publ. 2: 13. The editors of this site owe a great debt to Dr. Cornelis Bas whose famous cigar box files of Amanita nomenclatural information gathered over three or more decades were made available to RET for computerization and make up the lion's share of the nomenclatural information presented on this site. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MycoBank nos. | 807939, 517868 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GenBank nos. |
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holotypes | in herb. Dr. David T. Jenkins, Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
intro |
The following text may make multiple use of each data field. The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon. Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original material. The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog). Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of this text is appropriate. Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain. The following material not directly from the protolog of the present taxon is based upon original research by R. E. Tulloss. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pileus | 40 - 123 (-195) mm wide, orange-red to pastel red “M” to light orange “M” or melon “M” or pinkish orange or brassy (pale brownish) orange on disc to light orange “M” or pale orange to yellow to slightly tannish yellow to Maize Yellow to pale cream on margin, sometimes virgate, in general fading in sunlight, subviscid to tacky, shiny when dry, glabrous, hemispherical to truncate-convex when young, becoming convex to plano-convex to slightly plano-depressed, with margin sometimes flaring upward in age; context yellow to orange to pinkish beneath pileipellis to depth of up to 2.5 mm, becoming white below, not staining or bruising, 8 - 17 mm thick over stipe, thinning evenly to margin; margin not striate or faintly to moderately striate (0.0R - 0.10R), downcurved, sometimes bearing fragments of partial and or universal veils; universal veil as irregular warts or thin floccose-fibrillose patches over disc, pulverulent, finely matted-fellted (10× lens) to finely verruculose (10× lens), becoming more fibrillose toward margin, detersile to relatively detersile to relatively firmly attached, often in roughly concentric rings, having pale yellow tint in "buttons," becoming sordid pale yellowish to sordid cream to tan or grayish in mature specimens. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lamellae | free to "truncately free," without decurrent line on stipe, subcrowded to crowded to very crowded, white to creamy with pale pinkish tint in mass, white to off-white in side view, staining and bruising not observed, moderately broad (up to 7 - 11.5 (-18.5) mm broad), with strongly floccose edge; lamellulae abruptly truncate to truncate, numerous, sometimes separating nearly all pairs of lamellae, of diverse lengths. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
stipe | 40 - 105 × 8 - 20 (-38) mm, pale yellow near apex, with remainder whitish to sordid white to tannish white to brownish white, cylindric or narrowing upward or downward, flaring broadly or just at apex or not at all, often longitudinally striatulate (sometimes finely so), fibrillose to finely pulverulent near apex, sometimes satiny or fibrillose over much of stipe in "flame" or "chevron" or "snakeskin" pattern, sometimes becoming fibrillose-lacerate near base; bulb 15 - 51 × 20 - 45 mm, subglobose to ovoid to subnapiform to fusiform to clavate, often with short radical, creamy white to pale buff, bearing white mycelium; context densely stuffed with firm material in 4 - 5.5 (-18) mm wide central cylinder, white to off-white, sometimes turning watery brown or yellow when cut, larva tunnels concolorous or brown; partial veil superior to median, either membranous [delicate, whitish to pale yellow to yellowish above and yellowish below, with thickened edge, not striate above, browning to graying (with age, drying, or handling), skirt-like at first, often tearing and/or collapsing on stipe] or as very narrow fine tan rim near stipe base or absent; universal veil occasionally as few (frequently up to 6) very fine ringlets on lower stipe and uppermost part of bulb or raggedly sublimbate, pale yellow to yellowish tan to sordid brownish yellow to pale brownish gray to tan to brownish gray, floccose to (occasionally) submembranous material, sometimes as thin layer of pulverulence covering upper part of bulb and lower stipe. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
odor/taste | Odor faintly pleasant or faintly sweetish fungal or indistinct/absent. Taste indistinct. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
macrochemical tests |
Paracresol test for tyrosinase (basidiome of intermediate development) - positive throughout most of basidiome interior, but negative near surface of stipe base and bulb, near pileus surface, in pileus context adjacent to lamellae, on the lower two-thirds of hymenial surfaces, a in single spots in the stipe context (centered at stipe apex, eccentrically based at join of stipe and bulb). Syringaldazine test for laccase (basidiome of intermediate development) - negative throughout basidiome. Test voucher: Tulloss 12-2-89-B. Presumed to be POISONOUS and to produce the Pantherine Syndrome in humans. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lamella trama | bilateral; wcs = 35 - 40 µm (very good rehydration); ??; subhymenial base ??; filamentous, undifferentiated hyphae ?? µm wide, ??; terminal, inflated cells ??; vascular hyphae ?? µm wide, ??; clamps prominent and rather common. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
subhymenium | wst-near = 60 - 80 µm (very good rehydration); wst-far = 85 - 95 µm (very good rehydration); cellular (pseudoparenchymatous), ??; with basidia arising from ??. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lamella edge tissue | sterile. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
basidiospores | [327/16/11] (8.0-) 9.4 - 13.0 (-18.0) × (5.5-) 6.5 - 8.6 (-11.1) µm, (L = (9.8-) 10.0 - 12.1 (-13.0) µm; L’ = 11.0 µm; W = (6.8-) 6.9 - 8.0 (-8.1) µm; W’ = 7.4 µm; Q = (1.19-) 1.30 - 1.73 (-2.25); Q = (1.36-) 1.38 - 1.60 (-1.69); Q’ = 1.48), hyaline, colorless, thin-walled, smooth, inamyloid, ellipsoid to (infrequently) elongate, infrequently broadly ellipsoid, usually at least somewhat adaxially flattened, with occasional “giant spores” in immature material; apiculus sublateral, broad, prominent, cylindric to subcylindric to truncate-conic; contents dominantly monoguttulate (often suggesting an “oil drop”) with additional small granules, also granular; white in deposit. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ecology | Solitary to subgregarious to fruitings numbering in the thousands of basidiomes. From coastal plain of the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts to submontane elevations. Alabama: In open lawn with Pinus nearby or in dry, exposed habitat under P. taeda L. & P. virginiana Mill. or in mixed Quercus-Pinus forest. Mississippi: In dry, sandy, woods of Ilex, Quercus, and P. palustris Mill. and in Pinus plantations. New Jersey: In Tsuga canadensi-northern hardwood forest and in P. rigida-Quercus spp. sandy soil of Pine Barrens. New York: In sandy soil of Quercus-Pinus forest including some Populus. Tennessee: ??. West Virginia: On shale barrens in Quercus-Pinus forest. [Also reported from Georgia and Virginia.] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
material examined |
U.S.A.: ALABAMA—Shelby Co. - Oak Mtn. St. Pk., Peavine Rd., 21.x.1980, D. T. Jenkins & Miller White [Jenkins] 1596 (in herb. David T. Jenkins; RET 151-5), [Jenkins] 1600 (in herb. David T. Jenkins; RET 151-3), 4.xi.1980 D. T. Jenkins 1617 (in herb. David T. Jenkins; RET 151-7), 1619 (in herb. David T. Jenkins; RET 151-6). Talladega Co. - Childersburg, 8.xii.1975 Karen Andrews s.n. [D. T. Jenkins 1107] (paratype, in herb. David T. Jenkins; paratype, RET 151-4). Unkn Co. - ca. border Jefferson & Shelby Cos., by lake ca. D. T. Jenkins’ home, 29.x.1984, D. T. Jenkins 2592 (in herb. David T. Jenkins; RET 151-8).
GEORGIA—Lumpkin Co. - "outside of Chattahoochee Nat. For.," | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
discussion |
t.b.d. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
citations | —R. E. Tulloss | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
editors | RET | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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name | Amanita persicina |
bottom links |
[ Keys & Checklists ] |
name | Amanita persicina |
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[ Keys & Checklists ] |
Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.