Amanita nishidae - Amanitaceae.org - Taxonomy and Morphology of Amanita and Limacella

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name	Amanita nishidae
name status	nomen provisorum
author	Tulloss
english name	"Nishida's Ringless Amanita"
images	1. Amanita nishidae, Chiricahua Mtns., Cochise Co., Arizona, U.S.A.
intro	This species is dedicated to Dr. Florence Nishida, who encouraged RET to join the Chiricahua Mycoflora Project and played a large role in directing that productive venture. At long last, undescribed species of the Chiricahua Mountains are being poste on-line. This species, which many people collecting within its range have been calling "A. fulva," is named for Dr. Nishida in deep appreciation of her efforts, her patience, and her generosity.
cap	The cap of A. nishidae is 41 - 90 mm wide; young specimens are fulvous or browner with olivaceous tint, soon fading to dull somewhat orangish brown (still with trace of olivaceous tint) and then palest at margin, and are finally orange-tan in age. The cap shape is broadly campanulate to convex to plano convex to nearly planar, and umbonate. The cap surface is tacky, and matt to subshiny. The flesh is white to off-white, often faintly brownish or grayish in the center, just under the cap's skin; it is unchanging when cut or bruised. The cap margin is striate (although very slightly at first); eventually, the striations take up 15% to 35% of the cap radius. Volval remnants on the cap are commonly absent. They are present occasionally as a small, soft, easily removed, membranous, white patch in the center of the cap that develops orange-brown stains.
gills	The gills are free to narrowly adnate, with a rather long decurrent line on the top of the stem (use hand lens), sometimes with a decurrent tooth, crowded, off-white to cream (sometimes the same color as the cap's marginal area, within 10 mm of same) in mass, white to off-white or somewhat watersoaked in side view, sometimes having their free edge colored (brownish orange) in the last few mm nearest the cap's margin. The short gills are truncate, of diverse lengths, unevenly distributed, and infrequent.
stem	The ringless stem of this mushroom is 91 - 132 × 8 - 15 mm, with a pallid ground color. Raised fibrils on the stem turn brown or darken from handling or from drying in situ. The stem narrows upward and flares (sometimes only very slightly) at the very top in older specimens, otherwise not. The stem often is decorated with longitudinally oriented fibrils that are the same color as (or slightly paler than) the cap. The stem's flesh is white or sometimes grayish to very pale grayish in the lower half, becoming somewhat sordid in the stem base. The stem becomes hollow with age. The volva is sacklike, membranous, with exterior soft and cottony to leathery, and off-white on the exterior surface with orange-brown to orangish to ochraceous stains (especially in upper portion). The interior surface of the volva is pale orange or the color of the pileus margin or slightly paler than the pileus margin. The sack is 34 - 74 × 18 - 19 mm and appressed to the stem only at very base of the stem. The volva's internal limb is small, but distinct at first, located about one third of the distance from the point of attachment to the stem to highest point of the sack.
odor/taste	The odor of this mushroom is indistinct. The taste is bland at first, with a faintly bitter, a faintly metallic aftertaste.
spores	The spores measure (9.0-) 10.4 - 13.3 (-14.8) × (9.1-) 9.8 - 12.6 (-13.6) µm, globose to subglobose, rarely broadly ellipsoid, and inamyloid. Clamps are not present at the bases of basidia.
discussion	The specimens examined to date are all from Cochise Co., Arizona, U.S.A. However, a very similar amanita was collected in the Neovolcanic Zone of Mexico (in the state of Tlaxcala).—R. E. Tulloss
brief editors	RET

name

Amanita nishidae

author

Tulloss nom. prov.

name status

nomen provisorum

english name

"Nishida's Ringless Amanita"

etymology

genitive of Latinized name, "Nishida's" or "of Nishida"

Named in honor of Dr. Florence H. Nishida, a driving force behind the Chiricahua Mycoflora Project.

GenBank nos.

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accession	locus	voucher	source

intro

Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain.

The following is based entirely on original research of R. E. Tulloss.

pileus

41 - 90 mm wide, young specimens fulvous or browner with olivaceous tint, soon fading to dull somewhat orangish brown (still with trace of olivaceous tint) and then palest at margin, finally orange-tan in age, broadly campanulate to convex to plano convex to nearly planar, umbonate, with decurved margin, tacky, matt to subshiny; context white to off-white, often faintly brownish or grayish in disc under pileipellis, unchanging when cut or bruised, 5 - 11 mm thick at stipe, thinning evenly for about eight ninths of radius or to within 2 mm of margin, then membranous to margin; margin striate (very slightly at first) (0.15 - 0.35R), nonappendiculate; universal veil commonly absent, occasionally as small white patch over disc and then developing orange-brown stains, soft, detersile, membranous.

lamellae

free to narrowly adnate, with rather long decurrent line on stipe (lens), sometimes with decurrent tooth, crowded, off-white to cream and sometimes concolorous with pileus margin within 10 mm of same in mass, white to off-white or somewhat watersoaked in side view, 4.5 - 10 mm broad, sometimes marginate (brownish orange) in the last few mm near pileus margin; lamellulae truncate, of varying length, unevenly distributed, infrequent.

stipe

91 - 132 × 8 - 15 mm, with pallid ground, browning or darkening on raised fibrils from handling and from drying in situ, narrowing upward, flaring (sometimes only very slightly) at apex in older specimens, otherwise not, with longitudinally oriented fibrils concolorous with (or slightly paler than) pileus, longitudinally striatulate to longitudinally striate, with surface sometimes cracking into recurved scales; context white or sometimes grayish to very pale grayish in lower half, becoming somewhat sordid in stipe base and in crushed material from central cylinder, infrequently with brick red spot(s) in base, concolorous in larva tunnels, stuffed with white cottony material (becoming sordid tan when curshed or pale ochraceous when damaged by larvae), becoming hollow with age, with central cylinder 4 - 7.5 mm wide; exannulate; universal veil as a saccate volva, membranous, with exterior soft and cottony to leathery, off-white on exterior surface with orange-brown to orangish to ochraceous stains (especially in upper portion), interior surface pale orange or color of pileus margin or slightly paler than pileus margin, up to 1.5 mm thick at midpoint between highest point of limb and point of attachment to stipe, 34 - 74 × 18 - 19 mm, appressed to stipe only at very base of stipe, limbus internus small, but distinct at first, located about one third of distance from point of attachment to highest point of limb.

odor/taste

Odor indistinct. Taste bland at first, with faintly bitter, faintly metallic aftertaste.

macrochemical
tests

t.b.d.

lamella trama

somewhat obscurely bilateral; w_cs = 60 - 95 µm; with angle of divergence shallow, with subhymenial base containing plentiful inflated intercalary cells (often clavate, up to 50 × 21 µm); filamentous, undifferentiated hyphae 3.0 - 9.0 µm wide, branching, densely packed, with intercalary partially inflated segments up to 13.8 µm wide; divergent, terminal inflated cells not observed; vascular hyphae 10.5 - 14.0 µm wide, infrequent.

subhymenium

w_st-near = 50 - 75 µm; w_st-far = (70-) 80 - 105 µm; branching structure with inflated cells and partially inflated and uninflated hyphal segments and branched elements, with elements smaller than those of subhymenial base (but with occasional obpyriform to clavate cell up to 29 × 21 µm), with some regions having plentiful inflated cells (approaching pseudoparenchymatous, about two cells thick), with basidia arising from inflated cells or from uninflated or partially inflated hyphal segments aligned perpendicular to central stratum.

basidia

51 - 80 × 14.7 - 20 µm, 4-sterigmate; clamps not observed.

partial veil

absent.

lamella edge tissue

sterile.

basidiospores

send to graphing tool

[160/8/8] (9.0-) 10.4 - 13.3 (-14.8) × (9.1-) 9.8 - 12.6 (-13.6) µm, (L = 11.1 - 12.6 (-12.8) µm; L’ = 11.9 µm; W = 10.4 - 11.7 (-12.0) µm; W’ = 11.1 µm; Q = (1.0-) 1.03 - 1.13 (-1.23); Q = (1.05-) 1.07 - 1.10; Q’ = 1.08), hyaline, colorless, thin-walled, smooth, inamyloid, globose to subglobose, rarely broadly ellipsoid, usually at least somewhat adaxially flattened, sometimes expanded at one end; apiculus sublateral, sometimes rather short, truncate-conic to narrowly truncate-conic to cylindric; contents monoguttulate, with or without additional small granules; white in deposit.

ecology

Solitary to subgregarious to gregarious, from 1550 to 2600 m elev. With Quercus emoryi, Q. arizonica, Juniperus deppeana, Cupressus arizonica, Platanus wrightii, and Fraxinus velutina or in loam and litter with Abies concolor and Pinus flexilis or with P. arizonica and Pseudotsuga menziesii or with Juniperus deppeana, P. menziesii, C. arizonica, Quercus hypoleucoides, Q. arizonica, and Platanus wrightii or with Abies concolor, P. menziesii, P. arizonica, J. deppeana, P. chihuahuana.

material examined

U.S.A.: ARIZONA—Cochise Co. - CMP site #4, 16.viii.1989 R. Harvey s.n. [CMP0120] (per collector "A. fulva", RET); CMP site #5, 14.viii.1990 J. S. States AEF632 [CMP0393] (MICH as "A. fulva"), 12.viii.1991 F. H. Nishida 4479 [CMP0954] (RET); CMP site #6, 21.viii.1989 R. M. Chapman s.n. [CMP0273] (per collector "A. fulva", RET); CMP site #24, 11.viii.1991 R. M Chapman s.n. [CMP1638] (RET); CMP site #30, 18.viii.1991 R. E. Tulloss 8-18-91-J [CMP0644] (RET 701-2); CMP site #40, 19.viii.1992 F. H. Nishida s.n. [CMP1334 ; Tulloss 8-19-92-AE] (RET); CMP site #46, 21.viii.1989 R. M. Chapman s.n. [CMP0271] (per collector "A. fulva", RET), F. H. Nishida & R. E. Tulloss 8-18-91-K [CMP0649] (RET 701-7), 3.ix.1991 L. Ortiz s.n. [CMP1483] (RET); CMP site #49, 28.viii.1991 J. Turney s.n. [CMP1672] (per collector "A. pachycolea", RET).

discussion

Many southwestern U.S. collectors call this entity A. fulva (Schaeff.) Fr.; but it is much more robust than usually seen in the European species, contains olivaceous tones in the pileipellis, has much shorter striae relative to the pileus radius, [anatomy]....

There were no field notes with CMP1672, but the form of the exsiccatum, the spore size and shape and the subhymenium and lamella trama are consistent with a determination as A. nishidae.

The present species has been referred to by me as "Amanita sp. AZ8" in correspondence, keys, and draft articles.

citations

—R. E. Tulloss

editors

RET

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Spore data for collections
provisionally identified as: Amanita nishidae Tulloss

Spore data sets and their composite

Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.

basidiospore definition

Spore Measurements by Collection

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