Amanita barrowsii

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name	Amanita barrowsii
name status	nomen provisorum
author	A. H. Sm. ex Tulloss
english name	"Barrows' Ringless Amanita"
intro	Amanita barrowsii is an unpublished name for a probably good species known from aspen or aspen-conifer forest at elevations of about 3000 m in some mountains of New Mexico. At least four collections thought to represent this mushrom were made by Charles Barrows and are deposited in the herbarium at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
cap	The cap of A. barrowsii is 60 - 120 mm wide and orange, fading to dull orange, viscid when moist, with a metallic sheen [probably a result of drying], and unchanging when cut or bruised. The mature cap is broadly bell-shaped to roughly flat (with an umbo) or broadly convex. The color of the cap's flesh was not reported, but it is said to be unchanging when cut or bruised. The cap's margin is nonstriate or only very slightly striate (up to about 5 mm long) and nonappendiculate. The cap usually lacks volval remnants.
gills	The gills are free, close, white with a warm orange tone, and unchanging when cut or bruised. Gill edges are pallid and crenulate. No information has been reported about short gills.
stem	The ringless stem is 100 - 180 × 10 - 20 mm, pallid to buff and drying slightly paler than the cap, narrowing upward, and having its base buried 50 - 80 mm in duff and soil. Sometimes there is floccose material to be found near the top of the stem. Nothing was recorded about the stem's flesh. The volva is present as a thick sack that is tough, white on the outer surface, and dull orange on the inner surface.
odor/taste	The odor of this mushroom was not reported. However, Barrows said that the taste was sweet at first, but with a bitter aftertaste.
spores	The spores measure (7.8-) 8.8 - 11.1 (-13.0) × (6.2-) 8.0 - 10.2 (-11.0) µm and are globose to subglobose to broadly ellipsoid and inamyloid. Basidia probably have few if any clamps at their bases.
discussion	This species occurs with aspen (Populus tremuloides) or in mixed aspen-conifer forest at altitudes of about 3000 m in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains or other mountains near the city of Santa Fe in New Mexico, U.S.A. RET doubts that he has seen this entity in fresh condition and knows it only from Dr. A. H. Smith's Ms. drafts on Amanita and from notes on herbarium material reviewed (partially) in 1992.
brief editors	RET

name

Amanita barrowsii

author

A. H. Sm. in ms.

name status

nomen provisorum

english name

"Barrows' Ringless Amanita"

GenBank nos.

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accession	locus	voucher	source

intro

Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain.

The following is based upon annotation of the collections by Barrows and original research by R. E. Tulloss.

pileus

60 - 120 mm wide, orange, fading to dull orange, with metallic sheen, unchanging when cut or bruised, drying approx. tawny, obtuse, becoming broadly campanulate to plano-umbonate or broadly convex, viscid; context ??, unchanging when cut or bruised; margin nonstriate or only very slightly striate (about 5 mm long), nonappendiculate; universal veil absent.

lamellae

free, close, white with warm orange cast, unchanging when cut or bruised, tawny in dried material, with pallid, crenulate edges, narrow; lamellulae ??.

stipe

100 - 180 × 10 - 20 mm, pallid to buff and drying slightly paler than pileus, narrowing upward, with base buried 50 - 80 mm in substrate, squamulose from rupturing of stipe surface; context not recorded; exannulate, sometimes with floccose material near apex; universal veil as thick saccate volva (as in A. caesarea), tough, exterior white, interior surface dull orange.

odor/taste

Odor not recorded. Taste sweetish at first, but leaving bitter aftertaste.

macrochemical
tests

none recorded.

pileipellis

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lamella trama

bilateral, with shallow angle of divergence; w_cs = 25^± µm [quality of rehydration not recorded]; filamentous, undifferentiated hyphae 1.0 - 5.2 µm wide, branching; inflated cells obscured by hyphae of central stratum, bean-shaped to clavate to elongate-ventricose, up to 49 × 10.0 µm, apparently all intercalary; vascular hyphae 2.5 - 4.1 µm wide, infrequent, apparently restricted[?] to central stratum.

subhymenium

[old data, w_st-xx values not recorded, quality of rehydration not recorded.]

basidia

45 - 77 × 10.0 - 14.9 µm, slightly over half 4-sterigmate, with remainder 2-sterigmate; sterigmata up to 8.0 × 2.0 µm; clamps ??present, rather small.

basidiospores

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[120/6/1] (7.8-) 8.8 - 11.1 (-13.0) × (6.2-) 8.0 - 10.2 (-11.0) µm, (L = 9.4 - 11.0 µm; L’ = 10.2 µm; W = 8.3 - 9.7 µm; W’ = 9.0 µm; Q = (1.02-) 1.05 - 1.25 (-1.47); Q = 1.11 - 1.18; Q’ = 1.14), hyaline, colorless, smooth, thin-walled, inamyloid, globose to subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, infrequently ellipsoid, often adaxially flattened; apiculus sublateral, cylindric to truncate-conic; contents mono- or multiguttulate, often with additional granules; white in deposit.

ecology

Gregarious, at 3000^± m elev. Under Populus tremuloides or in mixed forest with P. tremuloides and conifers.

material examined

U.S.A.: NEW MÉXICO—Santa Fe Co. - mtns. ca. Santa Fe, viii.1957 Charles As. Barrows 506 (MICH), viii.1959 C. A. Barrows 1203 (MICH). Unkn. Co. - Sangre de Cristo Mtns., viii.1959 C. A. Barrows 1198 (MICH).

discussion

RET has serious doubts concerning the his old notes' reporting scattered small clamps at the bases of basidia.

Drafts of the A. H. Smith Ms. (e.g., in MICH and in possession of various individuals) say, "...appears related to A. fulva but has a tougher volva with an orange inner surface and a very weakly striate pileus margin."

Sporographs of the present species and A. americrocea Tulloss nom. prov. (green figure) are presented here. The reader can see the techtab discussion for the latter species for a discussion of this comparison.

Possible additional material is present in RET's herbarium from Colorado and New Mexico. Comparison to A. americrocea is important.

citations

—R. E. Tulloss

editors

RET

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